TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION 16
1.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 16
1.2 MARKET DEFINITION 16
1.2.1 MARKET SEGMENTATION 17
1.3 YEARS CONSIDERED FOR THE STUDY 17
1.4 CURRENCY CONSIDERED 18
1.5 STAKEHOLDERS 18
2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 19
2.1 RESEARCH DATA 19
2.1.1 BREAKUP OF PRIMARY PROFILES 20
2.1.2 KEY INDUSTRY INSIGHTS 21
2.2 MARKET BREAKDOWN AND DATA TRIANGULATION 22
2.3 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION 23
2.4 MARKET FORECAST 23
2.5 ASSUMPTIONS FOR THE STUDY 24
2.6 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY 26
3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 27
4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS 31
4.1 ATTRACTIVE MARKET OPPORTUNITIES IN THE IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET 31
4.2 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET, BY OFFERING, 2018–2023 31
4.3 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET, BY SOLUTION, 2018–2023 32
4.4 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET, BY SERVICE, 2018–2023 32
4.5 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET, BY APPLICATION, 2018–2023 33
4.6 MARKET INVESTMENT SCENARIO 33
5 MARKET OVERVIEW 34
5.1 INTRODUCTION 34
5.2 MARKET DYNAMICS 34
5.2.1 DRIVERS 35
5.2.1.1 Increasing number of government initiatives and PPP models for smart cities 35
5.2.1.2 IoT to bring improvements to the communication infrastructure 36
5.2.1.3 Rising adoption of connected and smart technologies in smart
cities initiatives 36
5.2.2 RESTRAINTS 36
5.2.2.1 Privacy and security concerns over the use of IoT 36
5.2.2.2 Lack of advancements in communication technology and poor operational efficiency in developing economies 37
5.2.3 OPPORTUNITIES 37
5.2.3.1 Increase in smart city initiatives worldwide 37
5.2.3.2 Increase in connected devices to drive the growth of IoT 37
5.2.3.2.1 Smart meters 38
5.2.3.2.2 Smart appliances 38
5.2.3.3 Emerging 5G technology to help IoT adoption, globally 38
5.2.4 CHALLENGES 38
5.2.4.1 Lack of knowledge among people about IoT and smart cities 38
5.2.4.2 Huge initial investments required for IoT in smart cities 38
5.3 INDUSTRY TRENDS 39
5.3.1 USE CASES 39
5.3.1.1 Use case 1: CISCO: Wi-Fi paves the way for IoT platform to make the government more efficient 39
5.3.1.2 Use case 2: IBM: Building citizen-focused public services in Jakarta 39
5.3.1.3 Use case 3: NOKIA: Smart Tampere initiative for the digital technology implementation 40
5.3.1.4 Use case 4: HUAWEI: Build smart city network (inspired by nervous system) in Rivas-Vaciamadrid, Spain 40
5.3.1.5 Use case 5: COMPOLOGY: Startup working on municipal service management in Boston and Baltimore cities in the US 41
5.4 ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS 41
5.4.1 SMART TRANSPORTATION 41
5.4.2 SMART BUILDINGS 42
5.4.3 SMART UTILITIES 42
5.4.4 SMART CITIZEN SERVICES 43
6 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET, BY OFFERING 44
6.1 INTRODUCTION 45
6.2 SOLUTIONS 46
6.2.1 RAPID DIGITALIZATION TO INCREASE THE DEMAND FOR IOT SOLUTIONS 46
6.3 SERVICES 46
6.3.1 REQUIREMENT OF HIGHLY CUSTOMIZED SOLUTIONS AND NEED TO FOCUS ON CORE OPERATIONS TO DRIVE THE MARKET OF SERVICES SEGMENT 46
7 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET, BY SOLUTION 48
7.1 INTRODUCTION 49
7.2 REMOTE MONITORING 50
7.2.1 NEED FOR MONITORING DIVERSE FACILITIES TO INCREASE THE DEMAND FOR REMOTE MONITORING SOLUTION 50
7.3 REAL-TIME LOCATION SYSTEM 50
7.3.1 MEA TO SHOW HIGH GROWTH FOR REAL-TIME LOCATION SYSTEM 50
7.4 NETWORK MANAGEMENT 51
7.4.1 DEMAND FOR NETWORK MANAGEMENT SOLUTION TO BE HIGH IN
NORTH AMERICA 51
7.5 SECURITY 52
7.5.1 CYBER-ATTACKS ON SMART CITIES INFRASTRUCTURE TO RAISE
THE DEMAND FOR SECURITY SOLUTION 52
7.6 DATA MANAGEMENT 53
7.6.1 NEED TO MANAGE DATA FROM VARIOUS APPLICATIONS TO DRIVE
THE MARKET OF DATA MANAGEMENT 53
7.7 REPORTING AND ANALYTICS 54
7.7.1 NEED TO TRANSLATE RAW DATA INTO USEFUL INFORMATION INCREASED
THE DEMAND FOR REPORTING AND ANALYTICS SOLUTION 54
8 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET, BY SERVICE 55
8.1 INTRODUCTION 56
8.2 PROFESSIONAL SERVICES 56
8.2.1 CONSULTING 58
8.2.1.1 Surge in demand for highly customized iot services to increase the demand for consulting services 58
8.2.2 DEPLOYMENT AND SYSTEM INTEGRATION 58
8.2.2.1 Need to integrate with existing systems to increase the demand for deployment and system integration services 58
8.2.3 SUPPORT AND MAINTENANCE 59
8.2.3.1 24/7 troubleshooting assistance, software upgrade,
and other services to increase the demand for support and maintenance services 59
8.3 MANAGED SERVICES 60
8.3.1 INCREASING ADOPTION OF OUTSOURCED IOT SERVICES TO DRIVE THE MANAGED SERVICES MARKET 60
9 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET, BY APPLICATION 62
9.1 INTRODUCTION 63
9.2 SMART TRANSPORTATION 64
9.2.1 RAPID INCREASE IN TRAFFIC CONGESTION TO CREATE A DEMAND FOR IOT 64
9.3 SMART BUILDING 64
9.3.1 COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS TO RAPIDLY IMPLEMENT IOT SOLUTIONS FOR OPTIMIZING THEIR ENERGY CONSUMPTION 64
9.4 SMART UTILITIES 65
9.4.1 INCREASING FOCUS ON OPTIMIZING RESOURCES WITH MINIMAL DOWNTIME AND WASTAGE TO INCREASE THE DEMAND FOR IOT SOLUTIONS 65
9.5 SMART CITIZEN SERVICES 66
9.5.1 EDUCATION 67
9.5.1.1 Increasing adoption of mobile devices and tablets to drive IoT penetration in education 67
9.5.2 HEALTHCARE 69
9.5.2.1 IoT to be used extensively in medical records management, remote monitoring, data analytics, and telemedicine 69
9.5.3 PUBLIC SAFETY 70
9.5.3.1 High risk and threat of potential damage from external attacks and natural calamities to increase the adoption of IoT in public safety 70
10 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET, BY REGION 71
10.1 INTRODUCTION 72
10.2 NORTH AMERICA 73
10.2.1 UNITED STATES 77
10.2.1.1 Developing innovation hubs and recent government acts demand for IoT in smart cities solutions 77
10.2.2 CANADA 77
10.2.2.1 R&D expenditure made by Canadian companies led to
significant breakthroughs 77
10.3 EUROPE 77
10.3.1 UNITED KINGDOM 80
10.3.1.1 Suitable government initiatives to adopt more IoT in smart cities solutions and services 80
10.3.2 GERMANY 81
10.3.2.1 Germany is focusing on IoT in smart cities for deploying smart
citizen services 81
10.3.3 FRANCE 81
10.3.3.1 Corporate companies to put forth many IoT in smart cities initiatives 81
10.3.4 REST OF EUROPE 81
10.4 ASIA PACIFIC 82
10.4.1 CHINA 86
10.4.1.1 Early mover strategy in IoT to demand more IoT in
smart cities solutions 86
10.4.2 JAPAN 86
10.4.2.1 Japanese government to focus more on operational efficiency 86
10.4.3 SINGAPORE 86
10.4.3.1 Favorable government initiatives to convert cities into smart cities 86
10.4.4 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC 86
10.5 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA 87
10.5.1 KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA 90
10.5.1.1 Focus on smart grids and other smart utility services is propelling market growth in the country 90
10.5.2 ISRAEL 90
10.5.2.1 Israel’s focus to digitally transform the government’s services calls for the adoption of IoT in smart cities solutions 90
10.5.3 REST OF MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA 90
10.6 LATIN AMERICA 90
10.6.1 BRAZIL 93
10.6.1.1 US-based IT companies to expand their footprint across the country to led the adoption of IoT in smart cities solutions 93
10.6.2 MEXICO 94
10.6.2.1 Growth in digital citizen services to lead the adoption of IoT in smart cities projects 94
10.6.3 REST OF LATIN AMERICA 94
11 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE 95
11.1 OVERVIEW 95
11.2 MARKET RANKING ANALYSIS FOR THE IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET 96
11.3 COMPETITIVE SCENARIO 96
11.3.1 NEW PRODUCT LAUNCHES 96
11.3.2 BUSINESS EXPANSIONS 97
11.3.3 AGREEMENTS/PARTNERSHIPS 98
12 COMPANY PROFILES 99
(Business Overview, Products/Services/Solutions Offered, Recent Developments, SWOT Analysis, and MnM View)*
12.1 IBM 99
12.2 CISCO 102
12.3 INTEL 105
12.4 HUAWEI 108
12.5 MICROSOFT 111
12.6 TECH MAHINDRA 113
12.7 HONEYWELL 115
12.8 SIEMENS 117
12.9 BOSCH SOFTWARE INNOVATIONS 119
12.10 PTC 120
12.11 SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC 122
12.12 ARM 122
12.13 QUANTELA 123
12.14 SIERRA WIRELESS 123
12.15 HITACHI 123
* Business Overview, Products/Services/Solutions Offered, Recent Developments, SWOT Analysis, and MnM View might not be captured in case of unlisted companies.
13 APPENDIX 124
13.1 DISCUSSION GUIDE 124
13.2 KNOWLEDGE STORE: MARKETSANDMARKETS’ SUBSCRIPTION PORTAL 127
13.3 AVAILABLE CUSTOMIZATIONS 129
13.4 RELATED REPORTS 129
13.5 AUTHOR DETAILS 130
TABLE 1 UNITED STATES DOLLAR EXCHANGE RATE, 2015–2018 18
TABLE 2 FACTORS ANALYSIS 24
TABLE 3 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY OFFERING, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 45
TABLE 4 SOLUTIONS: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY REGION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 46
TABLE 5 SERVICES: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY REGION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 47
TABLE 6 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 49
TABLE 7 REMOTE MONITORING: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY REGION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 50
TABLE 8 REAL-TIME LOCATION SYSTEM: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY REGION, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 51
TABLE 9 NETWORK MANAGEMENT: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY REGION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 52
TABLE 10 SECURITY: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY REGION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 52
TABLE 11 DATA MANAGEMENT: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY REGION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 53
TABLE 12 REPORTING AND ANALYTICS: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY REGION, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 54
TABLE 13 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY SERVICE, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 56
TABLE 14 PROFESSIONAL SERVICES: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY REGION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 57
TABLE 15 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY PROFESSIONAL SERVICE,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 57
TABLE 16 CONSULTING: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY REGION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 58
TABLE 17 DEPLOYMENT AND SYSTEM INTEGRATION: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE,
BY REGION, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 59
TABLE 18 SUPPORT AND MAINTENANCE: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE,
BY REGION, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 60
TABLE 19 MANAGED SERVICES: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY REGION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 60
TABLE 20 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 63
TABLE 21 SMART TRANSPORTATION: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY REGION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 64
TABLE 22 SMART BUILDING: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY REGION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 65
TABLE 23 SMART UTILITIES: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY REGION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 66
TABLE 24 SMART CITIZEN SERVICES: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY REGION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 67
TABLE 25 SMART CITIZEN SERVICES: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY SERVICE, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 67
TABLE 26 EDUCATION MARKET SIZE, BY REGION, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 68
TABLE 27 HEALTHCARE MARKET SIZE, BY REGION, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 69
TABLE 28 PUBLIC SAFETY MARKET SIZE, BY REGION, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 70
TABLE 29 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY REGION, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 72
TABLE 30 NORTH AMERICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY OFFERING,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 74
TABLE 31 NORTH AMERICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 75
TABLE 32 NORTH AMERICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY SERVICE,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 75
TABLE 33 NORTH AMERICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY PROFESSIONAL SERVICE, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 75
TABLE 34 NORTH AMERICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 76
TABLE 35 NORTH AMERICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY SMART CITIZEN SERVICE, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 76
TABLE 36 NORTH AMERICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 77
TABLE 37 EUROPE: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY OFFERING,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 78
TABLE 38 EUROPE: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 78
TABLE 39 EUROPE: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY SERVICE,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 79
TABLE 40 EUROPE: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY PROFESSIONAL SERVICE
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 79
TABLE 41 EUROPE: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 79
TABLE 42 EUROPE: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY SMART CITIZEN SERVICE,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 80
TABLE 43 EUROPE: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 80
TABLE 44 ASIA PACIFIC: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY OFFERING,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 83
TABLE 45 ASIA PACIFIC: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 84
TABLE 46 ASIA PACIFIC: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY SERVICE,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 84
TABLE 47 ASIA PACIFIC: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY PROFESSIONAL SERVICE, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 84
TABLE 48 ASIA PACIFIC: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY SMART CITIZEN SERVICE, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 85
TABLE 49 ASIA PACIFIC: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 85
TABLE 50 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY OFFERING, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 87
TABLE 51 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 87
TABLE 52 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY SERVICE, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 88
TABLE 53 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY PROFESSIONAL SERVICE, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 88
TABLE 54 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 89
TABLE 55 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY SMART CITIZEN SERVICE, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 89
TABLE 56 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 89
TABLE 57 LATIN AMERICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY OFFERING,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 91
TABLE 58 LATIN AMERICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 91
TABLE 59 LATIN AMERICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY SERVICE,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 91
TABLE 60 LATIN AMERICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY PROFESSIONAL SERVICE, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 92
TABLE 61 LATIN AMERICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 92
TABLE 62 LATIN AMERICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY SMART CITIZEN SERVICE, 2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 93
TABLE 63 LATIN AMERICA: IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY,
2016–2023 (USD BILLION) 93
TABLE 64 NEW PRODUCT LAUNCHES, 2016–2018 97
TABLE 65 BUSINESS EXPANSIONS, 2017–2018 97
TABLE 66 AGREEMENTS/PARTNERSHIPS, 2016–2018 98
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE 1 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET: RESEARCH DESIGN 19
FIGURE 2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 20
FIGURE 3 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET SIZE, 2016–2023 28
FIGURE 4 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET ANALYSIS 29
FIGURE 5 FASTEST-GROWING SEGMENTS IN THE IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET, 2018–2023 29
FIGURE 6 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET: REGIONAL ANALYSIS, 2018 30
FIGURE 7 INCREASING SMART CITY INITIATIVES TO DRIVE THE MARKET GROWTH DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD 31
FIGURE 8 SOLUTIONS SEGMENT TO LEAD THE IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET DURING
THE FORECAST PERIOD 31
FIGURE 9 REMOTE MONITORING SEGMENT TO LEAD THE IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD 32
FIGURE 10 PROFESSIONAL SERVICES SEGMENT TO LEAD THE IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD 32
FIGURE 11 SMART CITIZEN SERVICES SEGMENT TO LEAD THE IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD 33
FIGURE 12 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET: MARKET INVESTMENT SCENARIO 33
FIGURE 13 DRIVERS, RESTRAINTS, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES: IOT IN
SMART CITIES MARKET 35
FIGURE 14 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET: SMART TRANSPORTATION ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS 41
FIGURE 15 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET: SMART BUILDINGS ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS 42
FIGURE 16 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET: SMART UTILITIES ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS 42
FIGURE 17 IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET: SMART CITIZEN SERVICES ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS 43
FIGURE 18 SERVICES SEGMENT TO GROW AT A HIGHER CAGR DURING
THE FORECAST PERIOD 45
FIGURE 19 REPORTING AND ANALYTICS SEGMENT TO GROW AT THE HIGHEST CAGR DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD 49
FIGURE 20 MANAGED SERVICES SEGMENT TO GROW AT A HIGHER CAGR DURING
THE FORECAST PERIOD 56
FIGURE 21 SMART TRANSPORTATION SEGMENT TO GROW AT THE HIGHEST CAGR DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD 63
FIGURE 22 ASIA PACIFIC TO GROW AT THE HIGHEST CAGR DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD 72
FIGURE 23 NORTH AMERICA: MARKET SNAPSHOT 74
FIGURE 24 ASIA PACIFIC: MARKET SNAPSHOT 83
FIGURE 25 KEY DEVELOPMENTS BY LEADING PLAYERS IN THE IOT IN SMART CITIES MARKET DURING 2015–2018 95
FIGURE 26 MARKET RANKING, 2018 96
FIGURE 27 IBM: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 99
FIGURE 28 CISCO: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 102
FIGURE 29 INTEL: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 105
FIGURE 30 HUAWEI: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 108
FIGURE 31 MICROSOFT: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 111
FIGURE 32 TECH MAHINDRA: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 113
FIGURE 33 HONEYWELL: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 115
FIGURE 34 SIEMENS: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 117
FIGURE 35 PTC: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 120