TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION 15
1.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 15
1.2 MARKET DEFINITION 16
1.3 MARKET SCOPE 16
1.3.1 MARKETS COVERED 16
1.3.2 YEARS CONSIDERED FOR THE STUDY 17
1.4 CURRENCY 17
1.5 PACKAGE SIZE 17
1.6 STAKEHOLDERS 17
2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 18
2.1 RESEARCH DATA 18
2.2 SECONDARY DATA 19
2.2.1 KEY DATA FROM SECONDARY SOURCES 19
2.3 PRIMARY DATA 20
2.3.1 KEY DATA FROM PRIMARY SOURCES 20
2.3.2 BREAKDOWN OF PRIMARY INTERVIEWS 21
2.4 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION 21
2.5 DATA TRIANGULATION 23
2.6 RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS 24
2.6.1 ASSUMPTIONS 24
2.6.2 LIMITATIONS 25
3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 26
4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS 31
4.1 SIGNIFICANT OPPORTUNITIES IN PHA MARKET 31
4.2 PHA MARKET IN NORTH AMERICA, BY APPLICATION AND COUNTRY 32
4.3 FASTEST-GROWING PHA MARKET 33
4.4 PHA MARKET, BY MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY 33
5 MARKET OVERVIEW 34
5.1 INTRODUCTION 35
5.2 EVOLUTION OF PHA 35
5.3 PHA MARKET SEGMENTATION 36
5.3.1 BY TYPE 36
5.3.2 BY MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY 36
5.3.3 BY APPLICATION 37
5.3.4 BY REGION 37
5.4 MARKET DYNAMICS 38
5.5 IMPACT ANALYSIS 38
5.5.1 DRIVERS 38
5.5.1.1 Positive attitude of governments toward green procurement policies 38
5.5.1.2 Vast availability of renewable and cost effective raw materials 39
5.5.1.3 Biodegradability driving the consumption 40
5.5.1.4 Increasing concerns for human health and safety 41
5.5.2 RESTRAINTS 43
5.5.2.1 High price compared to conventional polymers 43
5.5.2.2 Performance issues 44
5.5.3 OPPORTUNITIES 44
5.5.3.1 Increasing scope in end-use segments 44
5.5.3.2 Emergence of new raw materials 45
5.5.3.3 Potential for cost reduction through economy of scale 45
5.5.3.4 Growth opportunities in Asia-Pacific countries 45
5.5.4 CHALLENGES 45
5.5.4.1 Manufacturing technology still in its initial phase 45
5.5.4.2 Under-utilization of PHA producing plants 46
6 INDUSTRY TRENDS 47
6.1 INTRODUCTION 47
6.2 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 47
6.3 PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS 49
6.3.1 THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES 49
6.3.2 THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS 50
6.3.3 BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS 50
6.3.4 BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS 51
6.3.5 INTENSITY OF COMPETITIVE RIVALRY 51
6.4 PATENT ANALYSIS 51
6.5 MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS 53
6.5.1 GDP GROWTH RATE FORECASTS OF MAJOR ECONOMIES 53
6.5.2 PACKAGING MARKET ANALYSIS 54
6.5.3 CHEMICAL MARKET ANALYSIS 55
7 SOURCES OF PHA PRODUCTION 56
7.1 INTRODUCTION 56
7.2 GENERAL PRODUCTION PROCESS 56
7.2.1 CHOICE OF RAW MATERIAL 57
7.2.2 STRAIN SELECTION 57
7.2.3 BIOPROCESSES AND DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING 57
7.3 PLANT SUGAR 57
7.4 PLANT OIL 59
7.5 WASTE LIPIDS 60
7.6 MILK WHEY 60
8 PHA MARKET, BY TYPE 61
8.1 INTRODUCTION 62
8.1.1 PHA MONOMERS 63
8.1.1.1 Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) 63
8.1.1.2 Polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV) 63
8.1.1.3 Others 63
8.1.2 PHA CO-POLYMERS 64
8.1.2.1 P(4HB-co-3HB) 64
8.1.2.2 P(3HB-co-3HV) 64
8.1.2.3 Others 64
8.1.3 PHA TERPOLYMERS 64
8.1.3.1 P(3HB-co-3HV-co-4HB) 64
8.1.3.2 Others 64
9 PHA MARKET, BY MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY 65
9.1 INTRODUCTION 66
9.1.1 BACTERIAL FERMENTATION 67
9.1.2 BIOSYNTHESIS 67
9.1.3 ENZYMATIC CATALYSIS 68
10 PHA MARKET, BY APPLICATION 69
10.1 INTRODUCTION 70
10.1.1 PACKAGING 71
10.1.1.1 Rigid Packaging 72
10.1.1.2 Flexible Packaging 72
10.1.1.3 Others 72
10.1.1.3.1 Loose fill 72
10.1.1.3.2 Compost bags 72
10.1.2 FOOD SERVICES 72
10.1.2.1 Cups 73
10.1.2.2 Trays 73
10.1.2.3 Others 73
10.1.2.3.1 Containers 73
10.1.2.3.2 Jars 73
10.1.3 BIOMEDICAL 73
10.1.3.1 Sutures 74
10.1.3.2 Drug Release 74
10.1.3.3 Others 74
10.1.4 AGRICULTURE 74
10.1.4.1 Mulch Films 74
10.1.4.2 Plant Pots 74
10.1.4.3 Others 74
10.1.4.3.1 Bins 74
10.1.4.3.2 Chutes 75
10.1.4.3.3 Hoppers 75
10.1.5 OTHERS 75
10.1.5.1 Chemical 75
10.1.5.2 Automotive 75
10.1.5.3 Textile 75
10.1.5.4 Energy 75
10.1.5.5 Cosmetics & Personal Care 75
11 PHA MARKET, BY REGION 76
11.1 INTRODUCTION 77
11.1.1 NORTH AMERICA 78
11.1.1.1 U.S. 82
11.1.1.2 Canada 83
11.1.1.3 Mexico 84
11.1.2 EUROPE 85
11.1.2.1 Germany 89
11.1.2.2 U.K. 90
11.1.2.3 France 91
11.1.2.4 Italy 92
11.1.2.5 Sweden 93
11.1.2.6 Denmark 94
11.1.2.7 Rest of Europe 95
11.1.3 ASIA-PACIFIC 96
11.1.3.1 China 100
11.1.3.2 Japan 101
11.1.3.3 India 102
11.1.3.4 Malaysia 103
11.1.3.5 Thailand 104
11.1.3.6 Australia 105
11.1.3.7 Rest of Asia-Pacific 106
11.1.4 SOUTH AMERICA 107
11.1.4.1 Brazil 109
11.1.4.2 Colombia 110
11.1.4.3 Rest of South America 111
11.1.5 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA 112
11.1.5.1 Saudi Arabia 114
11.1.5.2 South Africa 115
11.1.5.3 Rest of Middle East & Africa 116
12 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE 118
12.1 OVERVIEW 118
12.2 MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS 121
12.3 COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING 122
12.4 COMPETITIVE SITUATIONS AND TRENDS 122
12.4.1 COLLABORATIONS, PARTNERSHIPS, CONTRACTS & AGREEMENTS 122
12.4.2 NEW PRODUCT LAUNCHES 124
12.4.3 EXPANSIONS 125
13 COMPANY PROFILES 126
(Overview, Financial*, Products & Services, Strategy, and Developments)
13.1 METABOLIX INC. 126
13.2 KANEKA CORPORATION 129
13.3 MEREDIAN HOLDINGS GROUP, INC. 132
13.4 SHENZHEN ECOMANN BIOTECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. 134
13.5 BIOMATERA 136
13.6 BIOMER 137
13.7 BIO-ON-SRL 138
13.8 NEWLIGHT TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 140
13.9 PHB INDUSTRIAL S.A. 142
13.10 POLYFERM CANADA, INC. 143
13.11 TIANAN BIOLOGIC MATERIALS CO., LTD, 144
13.12 TIANJIN GREENBIO MATERIALS CO., LTD. 145
13.13 OTHER KEY MARKET PLAYERS 146
13.13.1 TEPHA INC. 146
13.13.2 BLUEPHA CO, LTD. 146
13.13.3 DAYGLO COLOR CORP. 146
13.13.4 BIOAMBER INC. 146
13.13.5 FULL CYCLE BIOPLASTICS 146
13.13.6 PROCTER & GAMBLE CO. 146
13.13.7 DUPONT TATE & LYLE BIO PRODUCTS COMPANY, LLC 146
13.13.8 CJ CHEILJEDANG CORP. 146
13.13.9 BIOME BIOPLASTICS LTD. 147
13.13.10 CARDIA BIOPLASTICS LTD. 147
*Details might not be captured in case of unlisted companies.
14 APPENDIX 148
14.1 INSIGHTS OF INDUSTRY EXPERTS 148
14.2 DISCUSSION GUIDE 149
14.3 KNOWLEDGE STORE: MARKETSANDMARKETS SUBSCRIPTION PORTAL 152
14.4 INTRODUCING RT: REAL TIME MARKET INTELLIGENCE 154
14.5 AVAILABLE CUSTOMIZATIONS 154
14.6 RELATED REPORTS 155
14.7 AUTHOR DETAILS 156
TABLE 1 PHA MARKET, BY TYPE 36
TABLE 2 PHA, BY MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY 36
TABLE 3 PHA, BY APPLICATION 37
TABLE 4 NORTH AMERICA AND EU REGULATIONS 39
TABLE 5 CONVENTIONAL PLASTICS: HEALTH CONCERNS 41
TABLE 6 PHA PRODUCTION CAPACITY, BY COMPANY, 2016 & 2020 (METRIC TON/YEAR) 46
TABLE 7 TRENDS AND FORECAST OF GDP GROWTH RATE, 2016–2020 53
TABLE 8 CHEMICAL PRODUCTION, 2012–2020 55
TABLE 9 PHA: PRODUCTION PROCESS & RAW MATERIAL, BY COMPANY 56
TABLE 10 PHA MARKET SIZE, BY TYPE, 2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 62
TABLE 11 PHA MARKET SIZE, BY TYPE, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 63
TABLE 12 PHA MARKET SIZE, BY MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY,
2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 66
TABLE 13 PHA MARKET SIZE, BY MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY,
2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 67
TABLE 14 PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 70
TABLE 15 PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 71
TABLE 16 PHA MARKET SIZE, BY REGION, 2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 77
TABLE 17 PHA MARKET SIZE, BY REGION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 78
TABLE 18 NORTH AMERICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 80
TABLE 19 NORTH AMERICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 80
TABLE 20 NORTH AMERICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 80
TABLE 21 NORTH AMERICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 81
TABLE 22 NORTH AMERICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY,
2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 81
TABLE 23 NORTH AMERICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY,
2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 81
TABLE 24 U.S.: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 83
TABLE 25 U.S.: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 83
TABLE 26 CANADA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 84
TABLE 27 CANADA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 84
TABLE 28 MEXICO: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 85
TABLE 29 MEXICO: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 85
TABLE 30 EUROPE: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 87
TABLE 31 EUROPE: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 87
TABLE 32 EUROPE: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 87
TABLE 33 EUROPE: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 88
TABLE 34 EUROPE: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY,
2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 88
TABLE 35 EUROPE: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY,
2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 88
TABLE 36 GERMANY: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 89
TABLE 37 GERMANY: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 90
TABLE 38 U.K.: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 90
TABLE 39 U.K.: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 91
TABLE 40 FRANCE: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 91
TABLE 41 FRANCE: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 92
TABLE 42 ITALY: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 92
TABLE 43 ITALY: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 93
TABLE 44 SWEDEN: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 93
TABLE 45 SWEDEN: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 94
TABLE 46 DENMARK: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 94
TABLE 47 DENMARK: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 95
TABLE 48 REST OF EUROPE: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 95
TABLE 49 REST OF EUROPE: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 96
TABLE 50 ASIA-PACIFIC: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 98
TABLE 51 ASIA-PACIFIC: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 98
TABLE 52 ASIA-PACIFIC: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 99
TABLE 53 ASIA-PACIFIC: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 99
TABLE 54 ASIA-PACIFIC: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY,
2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 99
TABLE 55 ASIA-PACIFIC: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY,
2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 100
TABLE 56 CHINA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 101
TABLE 57 CHINA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 101
TABLE 58 JAPAN: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 102
TABLE 59 JAPAN: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 102
TABLE 60 INDIA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 103
TABLE 61 INDIA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 103
TABLE 62 MALAYSIA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 104
TABLE 63 MALAYSIA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 104
TABLE 64 THAILAND: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 105
TABLE 65 THAILAND: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 105
TABLE 66 AUSTRALIA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 106
TABLE 67 AUSTRALIA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 106
TABLE 68 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 107
TABLE 69 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 107
TABLE 70 SOUTH AMERICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 108
TABLE 71 SOUTH AMERICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 108
TABLE 72 SOUTH AMERICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 108
TABLE 73 SOUTH AMERICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 109
TABLE 74 SOUTH AMERICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY,
2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 109
TABLE 75 SOUTH AMERICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY,
2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 109
TABLE 76 BRAZIL: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 110
TABLE 77 BRAZIL: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 110
TABLE 78 COLOMBIA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 111
TABLE 79 COLOMBIA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 111
TABLE 80 REST OF SOUTH AMERICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 112
TABLE 81 REST OF SOUTH AMERICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 112
TABLE 82 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY,
2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 112
TABLE 83 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY,
2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 113
TABLE 84 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 113
TABLE 85 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 113
TABLE 86 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY, 2014–2021 (USD MILLION) 114
TABLE 87 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 114
TABLE 88 SAUDI ARABIA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 115
TABLE 89 SAUDI ARABIA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 115
TABLE 90 SOUTH AFRICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 116
TABLE 91 SOUTH AFRICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 116
TABLE 92 REST OF MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2014–2021 (USD THOUSAND) 117
TABLE 93 REST OF MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA: PHA MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION,
2014–2021 (METRIC TON) 117
TABLE 94 MAJOR PHA PRODUCERS 122
TABLE 95 COLLABORATIONS, PARTNERSHIPS, CONTRACTS & AGREEMENTS, 2011–2016 123
TABLE 96 NEW PRODUCT LAUNCHES, 2011–2016 124
TABLE 97 EXPANSIONS, 2011–2016 125
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE 1 PHA MARKET SEGMENTATION 16
FIGURE 2 PHA MARKET: RESEARCH DESIGN 18
FIGURE 3 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION: BOTTOM-UP APPROACH 22
FIGURE 4 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION: TOP-DOWN APPROACH 22
FIGURE 5 PHA MARKET: DATA TRIANGULATION 23
FIGURE 6 PACKAGING TO BE DOMINANT APPLICATION BETWEEN 2016 AND 2021 26
FIGURE 7 PHA CO-POLYMERS TO BE DOMINANT TYPE OF PHA BETWEEN 2015 AND 2021 27
FIGURE 8 EUROPE LEADS THE PHA MARKET IN 2016 28
FIGURE 9 BACTERIAL FERMENTATION SEGMENT IS PROJECTED TO GROW AT HIGHEST RATE BETWEEN 2016 AND 2021 29
FIGURE 10 CHINA TO BE FASTEST-GROWING MARKET FOR PHA BETWEEN 2016 AND 2021 29
FIGURE 11 PHA MARKET SIZE, 2016 VS. 2021 (USD MILLION) 31
FIGURE 12 U.S. TO LEAD PHA MARKET IN NORTH AMERICA DURING FORECAST PERIOD 32
FIGURE 13 CHINA TO BE FASTEST-GROWING MARKET BETWEEN 2016 AND 2021 33
FIGURE 14 BACTERIAL FERMENTATION SEGMENT ACCOUNTED FOR LARGEST MARKET SHARE, IN 2015 33
FIGURE 15 1925 MARKS DISCOVERY OF PHA IN FRANCE 35
FIGURE 16 PHA MARKET, BY REGION 37
FIGURE 17 IMPACT ANALYSIS OF DRIVERS, OPPORTUNITIES, RESTRAINTS, AND CHALLENGES 38
FIGURE 18 WASTE DISPOSAL METHODS FOR NON-BIODEGRADABLE PLASTICS & MATERIALS 40
FIGURE 19 AVERAGE PRICE COMPARISON: CONVENTIONAL & UNCONVENTIONAL PLASTICS 43
FIGURE 20 PHA MARKET: VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 48
FIGURE 21 PHA MARKET: PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS 49
FIGURE 22 U.S. ACCOUNTED FOR MAXIMUM PATENTS BETWEEN 2013 AND 2015 52
FIGURE 23 54 PATENTS REGISTERED BY U.S., EUROPE, AND JAPAN IN 2015 52
FIGURE 24 GROWTH IN PACKAGING MARKET BETWEEN 2012 & 2018 54
FIGURE 25 PHA PRODUCTION PROCESS 56
FIGURE 26 PHA PRODUCTION FROM SUGARCANE 58
FIGURE 27 PHA PRODUCTION FROM PLANT (PALM) OIL 59
FIGURE 28 PHA PRODUCTION FROM MILK WHEY 60
FIGURE 29 PHA CO-POLYMERS SEGMENT ACCOUNTED FOR LARGEST SHARE OF PHA MARKET BETWEEN 2016 AND 2021 62
FIGURE 30 BACTERIAL FERMENTATION MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY TO DOMINATE MARKET BETWEEN 2016 AND 2021 66
FIGURE 31 PACKAGING ACCOUNTED FOR THE MAXIMUM MARKET SHARE IN PHA MARKET
IN 2015 70
FIGURE 32 NORTH AMERICA MARKET SNAPSHOT: U.S. TO LEAD PHA MARKET DURING FORECAST PERIOD 79
FIGURE 33 U.S.: LARGEST MARKET OF PHA GLOBALLY 82
FIGURE 34 EUROPE MARKET SNAPSHOT: GERMANY TO LEAD PHA MARKET DURING THE FORECAST PERIOD 86
FIGURE 35 GERMANY: SECOND-LARGEST CONSUMER OF PHA, GLOBALLY 89
FIGURE 36 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET SNAPSHOT: CHINA TO LEAD PHA MARKET 97
FIGURE 37 CHINA: FASTEST-GROWING PHA MARKET 100
FIGURE 38 COLLABORATIONS, PARTNERSHIPS, CONTRACTS & AGREEMENTS WERE THE MOST PREFERRED GROWTH STRATEGY ADOPTED BY MAJOR PLAYERS BETWEEN
2011 AND 2016 119
FIGURE 39 KEY GROWTH STRATEGIES ADOPTED BY PLAYERS IN THE PHA MARKET,
2011–2016 120
FIGURE 40 TOP 5 PLAYERS ACCOUNTED FOR THE MAJOR MARKET SHARE IN 2015 121
FIGURE 41 METABOLIX INC.: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 126
FIGURE 42 METABOLIX INC.: SWOT ANALYSIS 127
FIGURE 43 KANEKA CORPORATION: COMPANY SNAPSHOT 129
FIGURE 44 KANEKA CORPORATION: SWOT ANALYSIS 130
FIGURE 45 MERIDIAN HOLDINGS GROUP, INC.: SWOT ANALYSIS 133
FIGURE 46 SHENZHEN ECOMANN BIOTECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.: SWOT ANALYSIS 135